India’s total installed power generation capacity has crossed 5.05 lakh MW, with the share of non-fossil fuel sources exceeding that of fossil-fuel-based generation for the first time. As of October 31, 2025, the country’s installed capacity stands at 5,05,023 MW, comprising 2,59,423 MW of non-fossil fuel capacity, including 2,50,643 MW from renewable energy, and 2,45,600 MW from fossil-fuel-based sources. The details were placed before the Rajya Sabha by Minister of State for Power Shripad Yesso Naik in a written response.
The Minister said the expansion in non-fossil capacity reflects India’s progress toward its commitment of achieving 500 GW of non-fossil electricity capacity by 2030. To support this growth, the government has undertaken a series of measures, including waiving Inter-State Transmission System (ISTS) charges for renewable, offshore wind and green hydrogen projects; issuing Standard Bidding Guidelines (SBG) for competitive procurement from solar, wind, hybrid and firm renewable energy sources; and announcing a bidding trajectory of 50 GW annually from 2023–24 to 2027–28.
In parallel with these procurement reforms, 100 percent Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has been permitted under the automatic route for renewable energy, while the Green Energy Corridor (GEC) scheme continues to strengthen transmission infrastructure for large-scale renewable energy evacuation. A long-term transmission plan has been prepared through 2032 to accommodate the steep rise in renewable installations. To facilitate utility-scale deployment, Solar Parks and Ultra Mega Solar Power Projects (UMSPPs) are being developed to provide land and transmission access to project developers.
The government is also widening participation in the energy transition through schemes such as the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan (PM-KUSUM), PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana, the National Programme on High Efficiency Solar Photovoltaic Modules (NPHE-SPV), the Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN), and the Dharti Aabha Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan (DA-JGUA). Together with the National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM) and the Viability Gap Funding (VGF) scheme for offshore wind, these programmes aim to deepen renewable energy penetration across sectors and geographies.
To complement capacity creation, the government has notified Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO) and Renewable Consumption Obligation (RCO) trajectories up to 2029–30. The RCO, applicable to designated consumers under the Energy Conservation Act (EC Act), 2001, mandates consumption from decentralised renewable energy sources and carries penalties for non-compliance. The Green Term Ahead Market (GTAM) has been launched to facilitate short-term trading of renewable power on exchanges.
The Minister noted that India reached an important milestone in June 2025 when non-fossil sources crossed 50 percent of total installed electricity capacity, exceeding its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) target more than five years ahead of schedule. He said this progress strengthens India’s longer-term transition pathway, which seeks to balance emission reduction with energy security and affordability as the country moves toward net-zero by 2070.
As part of broader diversification efforts, nuclear energy continues to play a central role. The Government has set a target of 100GW of nuclear capacity by 2047, supported by the proposed Nuclear Energy Mission (NEM), which includes the development of at least five indigenously designed Small Modular Reactors (SMR) by 2033. Amendments to the Atomic Energy Act (AEA), 1962, and the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act (CLND Act), 2010, are being considered to facilitate private sector participation. The joint venture ASHVINI formed by the Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd (NPCIL) and NTPC Ltd is expected to accelerate nuclear project development.
To ensure that rising renewable capacity is effectively integrated into the grid, the government has introduced VGF schemes for Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), supporting 13.22 GWh of capacity under implementation and an additional 30 GWh approved in 2025. Pumped Storage Projects (PSPs) totalling 11,870 MW are under construction, and a new strategy for Offshore Wind Energy (OWE) includes viability gap support for the first gigawatt of capacity.
The NGHM targets the production of at least five million metric tonnes of green hydrogen annually, supported by approximately 125 GW of associated renewable energy capacity by 2030. The Minister said the increasing adoption of renewable energy, green hydrogen, nuclear energy, storage systems and offshore wind will help reduce emissions across hard-to-abate sectors such as steel, cement and transport, reinforcing India’s broader low-carbon development path.
